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Developing the Science of Networks  

Research projects

Institute IMDEA Networks receives funding to develop its research activities from varied sources. There are two main categories of external funding:

Funding of individual researchers

Individual researchers receive funding in the form of grants, scholarships and fellowships from international, national or regional funds. At present several of our researchers are proud awardees of "Ramón y Cajal" grants, I3 subventions, "Marie Curie" Amarout Europe Programme Fellowships and FPU scholarships. (See details on our Scientific highlights section).

Externally-funded research projects, attracting European Union, National or Regional funds

Externally-funded research projects enable us to collaborate with researchers from other organizations and backgrounds. Research funding is awarded following an open competitive selection process in which project proposals, and the private or public sector organizations presenting them, are subject to rigorous scrutiny. Such thoroughness helps to ensure that research undertaken with those funds is relevant, well-managed and with high probabilities of success in achieving its stated goals.

Currently IMDEA Networks is collaborating with the NETCOM (Networks and Communications Services) Research Group from the Telematics Department at University Carlos III of Madrid, in several research projects.

 

CLOUDS | COLLABORATION AGREEMENT FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT WITH NEC EUROPE LTD. | EINS | E2NET - ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS | FLAVIA | GREEN NETWORK | MEDIA INDEPENDENT SERVICES FOR THE FUTURE INTERNET | MEDIANET | MEDIEVAL | PASITO | QUARTET | TREND | WiMAX SCHEDULING OPTIMIZATION

 

CLOUDS

(Cloud Computing para Servicios Escalables, Confiables y Ubicuos - Cloud Computing for Scalable, Reliable and Ubiquitous Services)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks (Associated group)
Contact: Antonio Fernández Anta (Antonio.fernández@imdea.org)
Project website: http://lsd.ls.fi.upm.es/clouds
Funded by: Department of Education, Regional Government of Madrid (Consejería de Educación, Comunidad de Madrid)
Duration: January 2010 - December 2013
Project partners:

Laboratorio de Sistemas Distribuidos (grupo LSD)

 

Description: Cloud computing is a new emerging paradigm in distributed systems whose goal is to offer software as a service, enabling the deployment and management of services through data centers and/or clouds of devices accessible via the Internet, across administrative domains, technology platforms and geographical areas, and with a high degree of autonomy, with properties such as self-healing, self-provisioning, self-optimization and auto-configuration. This program aims to make the necessary scientific progress to advance the state of the art in the various lines of research associated with cloud computing, in order to make this paradigm possible. In this manner, the concept of computing is reformulated through a web of resources distributed globally (data centers, PCs, ubiquitous devices), automatically provisioning on-demand services, reducing software complexity and cost, and increasing reliability and the transparency of deployment and self-provisioning.

These systems also are managed autonomously with on demand self-provisioning at competitive cost and with high quality of service. This new paradigm will increase the accessibility of users to the services of public administrations and companies. On the one hand, it will propose new paradigms for cloud computing. It will design and develop cloud computing platforms that can be deployed in data centers and/or ubiquitous networks (Internet of things). On the other hand, it will develop protocols that allow the development of such systems, such as distributed algorithms, and it will provide the desired properties, such as autonomic behavior, security, scalability and availability. Furthermore, it will address the architectures and technologies to materialize it, such as service-oriented architectures, as well as the necessary computing, communication and storage infrastructure. Finally, it will also address the modeling of users and applications to be built on cloud computing platforms.

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Collaboration Agreement for Research & Development with NEC Europe Ltd.

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: Albert Banchs (albert.banchs@imdea.org)
Funded by: NEC Europe Ltd.
Duration: May 2011 - April 2012
Project partners:

Description: This project focuses on technology enhancements for WiFi-enabled mobile phones centred on research and development in the area of QoS and power saving. Two main activities will be performed: i) design and implementation of a generic power saving module able to emulate different power saving protocols and adapt to variable QoS needs and ii) implementation of an NEC proprietary power saving algorithm based on Wi-Fi Direct. In addition, research in this area is expected to lead to joint patent applications and publications.

The project will consist of the following tasks:

1) Design and implementation of a generic power saving module able to emulate different power saving protocols and adapt to variable QoS needs. The design should identify the different components of available Wi-Fi power saving algorithms and design software architecture able to emulate the different protocols and variations of them by simply combining in different manners the identified components.

2) Implementation of an NEC proprietary power saving algorithm based on Wi-Fi Direct. The implementation will be based on Linux/Android open source drivers, as specified by NEC. A non binding example of the required implementation is:

  • Platform : ath9k open source driver for Linux
  • Protocol: Notice of Absence (NoA) Protocol defined in Wi-Fi Direct.
  • Algorithm: NEC power saving algorithm.

3) Research in the area of Wi-Fi QoS and power saving with special focus on Wi-Fi smartphones.

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FLAVIA

EINS

Network of Excellence in Internet Science

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: Sergey Gorinsky (sergey.gorinsky@imdea.org)
Project website: www.internet-science.eu/
Funded by: European Union. ICT Programme FP7
Duration: December 2011 – May 2015
Project partners:

Description: The goal of EINS is coordinating and integrating European research aimed at achieving a deeper multidisciplinary understanding of the development of the Internet as a societal and technological artifact, whose evolution is increasingly intertwined with that of human societies. Its main objective is to allow an open and productive dialogue between all the disciplines which study Internet systems under any technological or humanistic perspective and which in turn are being transformed by the continuous advances in Internet functionalities and applications. EINS will bring together research institutions focusing on network engineering, computation, complexity, security, trust, mathematics, physics, sociology, game theory, economics, political sciences, humanities, law, energy, transport, artistic expression, and any other relevant social and life sciences.


This multidisciplinary bridging of the different disciplines may also be seen as the starting point for a new Internet Science, the theoretical and empirical foundation for a holistic understanding of the complex techno-social interactions related to the Internet. It is supposed to inform the future technological, social, political choices concerning Internet technologies, infrastructures and policies made by the various public and private stakeholders, for example as for the far-ended possible consequences of architectural choices on social, economic, environmental or political aspects, and ultimately on quality of life at large.


The individual contributing disciplines will themselves benefit from a more holistic understanding of the Internet principles and in particular of the "network effect". The unprecedented connectivity offered by the Internet plays a role often underappreciated in most of them; whereas the Internet provides both an operational development platform and a concrete empirical and experimental model. These multi- and inter-disciplinary investigations will improve the design of elements of Future Internet, enhance the understanding of its evolving and emerging implications at societal level, and possibly identify universal principles for understanding the Internet-based world that will be fed back to the participating disciplines. EINS will:

  • Coordinate the investigation, from a multi-disciplinary perspective, of specific topics at the intersection between humanistic and technological sciences, such as privacy & identity, reputation, virtual communities, security & resilience, network neutrality
  • Lay the foundations for an Internet Science, based i.a. on Network Science and Web Science, aiming at understanding the impact of the "network effect" on human societies & organizations, as for technological, economic, social & environmental aspects
  • Provide concrete incentives for academic institutions and individual researchers to conduct studies across multiple disciplines, in the form of online journals, conferences, workshops, PhD courses, schools, contests, and open calls

 

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  E2NET - ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS

(REDES ENERGÉTICAMENTE EFICIENTES)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: Joerg Widmer (joerg.widmer@imdea.org), Antonio Fernández Anta (antonio.fernandez@imdea.org)
Funded by: Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación – MICINN)
Duration: January 2012 – December 2014
Project partners:

Description: Recent studies reveal that ICT (Information and Communications Technology) energy consumption is becoming a significant component of the worldwide consumption. This situation has generated a keen interest in mechanisms and methods for saving energy by telecommunication network operators, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and content providers. Depending on the specific scenario, energy costs are a substantial cost factor, and a reduction of network and data center energy consumption provides an important contribution to cost efficiency, besides corporate social responsibility and the obvious environmental benefits. The main objective of this proposal is the design of algorithms and techniques to reduce the energy consumption of communication systems without significantly affecting the service quality. We utilize a cross-layer approach that includes algorithms and techniques to be applied at different layers of the network architecture, with main focus on the link, network, transport, and application layers.

On the one hand, we will address the energy efficiency at the link, network, and transport layers. We will define precise energy consumption and traffic models for network elements (e.g., routers and links) in different setups, namely LAN, WAN, and data centers. These setups differ in the granularity and the time scales at which resource and energy optimization are performed. At the same time, applications like content distribution span all of these different areas, and their joint optimization is likely to lead to even better performance results. Particular care will be taken to define models that convey as much as possible the technological aspects of current and future network elements. For instance, models for new energy saving techniques, like 802.3az (Energy Efficient Ethernet), will be developed. Based on these models we will design techniques (e.g., routing and scheduling algorithms) to minimize the overall energy consumption. The performance of the developed solutions will be formally analyzed, and evaluated via simulation and testbed experiments. In addition, we will explore the potential of these and other proven techniques, originally developed for the area of networking, to also save energy in other application areas. In particular, we will explore how to save energy and/or improve the service when operating appliances and charging electric vehicles. Many of the challenges in such non-networking contexts are similar to those encountered in the communications world. Thus, exploring the application of concepts and techniques already used in communications and networks to these problems seems promising.

On the other hand, we will address the energy efficiency at the application layer with a mixture of theoretical, simulation and Internet measurement techniques. We will consider content distribution applications since they are responsible for the major portion of the current Internet traffic. In more detail, we have three independent but related objectives. First, we will design content distribution scheduling algorithms that minimize the energy wastage of the system. We will provide proof of correctness for these algorithms. Second, we aim to design an energy-efficient peer-to-peer (P2P) client for minimizing the energy consumption of the content distribution process through P2P techniques. We will validate the proposed techniques using a realistic workload generated from data collected from real P2P applications such as BitTorrent. Furthermore, we will implement a prototype of our energy-efficient P2P client and will make it publicly available. Finally, we will study the energy consumption vs.\ performance trade-off of different content distribution infrastructures (i.e., centralized vs Content Delivery Network (CDN) vs P2P) for the the distribution of User Generated Content (UGC). For this purpose, we will collect real data traces from well-known applications that owe their success to UGC such as YouTube or Online Social Networks (Facebook and Twitter) in order to generate a realistic workload to evaluate the energy wastage of the described infrastructures. As result of this study we will design a novel content distribution architecture to reduce the energy wastage of the UGC distribution.

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FLAVIA

FLAVIA

(FLexible Architecture for Virtualizable wireless future Internet Access)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Contact: Albert Banchs (albert.banchs@imdea.org)
Project website: www.ict-flavia.eu
Funded by: European Union. ICT Programme FP7
Duration: July 2010 - June 2013
Project partners:

 

Description: Wireless networks importance for the Future Internet is raising at a fast pace as mobile devices increasingly become its entry point. However, today's wireless networks are unable to rapidly adapt to evolving contexts and service needs due to their rigid architectural design.

We believe that the wireless Internet's ability to keep up with innovation directly stems from its reliance on the traditional layer-based Internet abstraction. Especially, the Link Layer interface appears way too abstracted from the actual wireless access and coordination needs. FLAVIA fosters a paradigm shift towards the Future Wireless Internet: from pre-designed link services to programmable link processors. The key concept is to expose flexible programmable interfaces enabling service customization and performance optimization through software-based exploitation of low-level operations and control primitives, e.g., transmission timing, frame customization and processing, spectrum and channel management, power control, etc.

FLAVIA's approach is based on three main pillars: i) lower the interface between hardware-dependent layers and upper layers, ii) apply a hierarchical decomposition of the MAC/PHY layer functionalities, and iii) open programmable interfaces at different abstraction levels. To prove the viability of this new architectural vision, FLAVIA will prototype its concept on two wireless technologies currently available, 802.11 and 802.16, representing today's two main radio resource allocation philosophies: contention-based and scheduled. Moreover, FLAVIA will assess the applicability of the proposed architecture concepts to the emerging 3GPP standards.

FLAVIA's concept will allow boosting innovation and reducing the cost of network upgrades. Operators, manufacturers, network designers, emerging third-party solution developers, and even spontaneous end users, will be able to easily and rapidly optimize and upgrade the wireless network operation, quickly prototype and test their new protocols, and adapt the wireless access operation to emerging scenarios or service needs.

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GREEN NETWORK -THEORY AND TECHNIQUE FOR REDUCING NETWORK ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: Antonio Fernández Anta (antonio.fernandez@imdea.org)
Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China. Grant number 61020106002
Duration: January 2011 – December 2014
Project partners:

Description: This research is on theories and techniques for globally reducing energy consumption at the network level. The following issues are investigated: (1) Techniques for network infrastructure design and deployment of network nodes that can reduce network energy consumption. (2) Scheduling and routing algorithms and protocols that can reduce network energy consumption. The goals of this research include: (1) System models will be formalized to realistically express the characteristics and restrictions of current network technologies. (2) Techniques for network nodes deployment that can reduce network energy consumption will be developed. (3) Energy efficient algorithms and protocols for network message routing and scheduling will be developed. (4) Correctness proof of our protocols and algorithms and theoretical analysis of them will be provided. (5) A platform will be built for the simulation of the algorithms, protocols and for testing the infrastructure design and node deployment schemes.

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  MEDIA INDEPENDENT SERVICES FOR THE FUTURE INTERNET

(SERVICIOS INDEPENDIENTES DEL MEDIO PARA LA EVOLUCIÓN DE INTERNET)

Participating entity: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Collaborating researcher from IMDEA Networks: Albert Banchs, Deputy Director
Contact: Antonio de la Oliva (aoliva@it.uc3m.es)
Funded by: Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación – MICINN)
Duration: January 2011 - December 2013
Project partners:

Description: Current Internet has become an essential communication infrastructure, not only used for information transfer but also as a key component of social infrastructures such as e-government, energy/traffic controls, finance, learning, health, etc. Even though the Internet has evolved into such an essential infrastructure, its future application depends on how it is going to cope with several concerns on different aspects such as scalability, ubiquity, security, robustness, mobility, heterogeneity, Quality of Service (QoS), re-configurability, context-awareness, manageability, data-centric, economics, etc. Over the last years a discussion about how to overcome upcoming Internet's limitations has been initiated. From an academic point of view, one could incline for a revolutionary or clean-slate way of solving the problem by fully redesigning the overall Internet architecture. From a more practical point of view, one tends to incline for an evolution of the current Internet as it is by patching its leaks and deficiencies when trying to serve as the basis for the development of novel services demanding constricting requirements.

This project will tackle the Future of Internet from both perspectives (revolutionary and evolutionary) in order to understand the benefits and disadvantages of each approach and be able to compare them. Additionally, the project will take into account solutions thought to improve three important lacks of the current Internet: energy efficiency, heterogeneity of information and coexistence of networks. In order to do so, two technologies have been identified as potential solutions to some of these problems: i) Media Independence and ii) Virtualization. On the one hand, Media Independence enables the decoupling of physical and overlay infrastructure by introducing an abstraction layer between link and network layers. On the other hand Virtualization enables the creation of overlay networks spanning multiple technologies and realms, hence being a very useful tool for context-aware service composition.

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MEDIANET

(Integración de Servicios Multimedia de Siguiente Generación en la Internet del Futuro – Integration of Next Generation Multimedia Services in the Internet of the Future)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: José Félix Kukielka (josefelix.kukielka@imdea.org)
Project website: www.medianet-cm.es
Funded by: Department of Education, Regional Government of Madrid (Consejería de Educación, Comunidad de Madrid)
Duration: January 2010 - December 2013
Project partners:

Description: This program strives for a significant scientific advance in the future media Internet where important advances are necessary to allow end-users to perceive a good quality of experience. The network technologies objectives consist of the definition and validation of new proposals for the efficient transport of high bandwidth, real-time data flows in a decentralized way where the network provides mechanisms to seamlessly request and configure devices to increase the quality of experience perceived by end-users. Furthermore, new experiences with layer 2 networks and a cross-layer design will be tested with high bandwidth demanding media services. The global result will be an integrated and independent advancement in future media Internet protocols, algorithms, switching architectures and standards.

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MEDIEVAL

MEDIEVAL

(MultimEDia transport for mobIlE Video AppLications)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Contact: Albert Banchs (albert.banchs@imdea.org)
Project website: www.ict-medieval.eu
Funded by: European Union. ICT Programme FP7
Duration: July 2010 – June 2013
Project partners:

Description: Video is a major challenge for the future Internet. This traffic type is foreseen to account for close to 90 percent of consumer traffic already by 2012. However, the current Internet, and in particular the mobile Internet, was not designed with video requirements in mind and, as a consequence, its architecture is very inefficient when handling video traffic. It is the vision of this consortium that, as video is going to represent the majority of the traffic, the future Internet architecture should be tailored to efficiently support the requirements of this traffic type. Specific enhancements for video should be introduced at all layers of the protocol stack where needed, ideally supporting an incremental deployment.

Following the above vision, the main goal of the project is to evolve the Internet architecture for efficient video traffic support. The proposed architecture will follow a cross-layer design that, by exploiting the interaction between layers, can raise performance to values unattainable with individual developments. The following key issues will be addressed by the architecture: i) enhanced wireless access support to optimise video performance, ii) novel IP mobility architecture adapted to the requirements of video traffic, iii) transport optimisations for video distribution and iv) network-aware video services that interact with the underlying layers.

The technology developed by the project will be designed taking into account the requirements of network operators for commercial deployment, and will aim at improving the Quality of Experience by users as well as reducing the associated costs for operators. Standardization and early incremental testing are considered key success factors for MEDIEVAL.

The consortium is well balanced and combines the integrated perspectives of three mobile operators, a major manufacturer and an innovative video technology company, in addition to leading academic partners and research institutes."

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Banner PASITO

PASITO

(Plataforma de experimentación de servicios de telecomunicaciones –Telecommunications Service Analysis Platform)

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Project website: www.rediris.es/proyectos/pasito
Funded by: State Secretariat for Telecommunications and the Information Society (SETSI) of the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade (Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo -  MITYC)
Duration: Starting on September 2007 - TBD
Project partners:

Description: The platform for telecommunications services analysis (PASITO) is a distributed tests laboratory, which offers engineers the chance to construct, refine and evaluate test scenarios for telecommunication services.

The laboratory contributes to:

  • Optimizing communications resources
  • Designing and adapting new services to the current needs
  • Certifying equipment and services

PASITO is a public infrastructure, based upon the Spanish RedIRIS academic network. It uses varied technologies to enable it to test a wide range of telecommunication services and at the same time guarantee that its activities are isolated from the rest of the academic network's services. This avoids interference with other activities that are in operation within the Spanish scientific community.

The platform's main research areas are:

  • Internet architectures
  • Communication protocols
  • Transport technologies with service quality
  • Virtualization and autoconfiguration of networks and services
  • Technologies and tools to monitor networks and services
  • Optical services for intensive data projects
  • Large scale information distribution technologies
  • Peer-to-peer systems
  • Mobility services
  • Technologies to improve network security
  • Standards for new generation collaboration services

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QUARTET

(QUAlity of seRvice enabled IP heTerogeneous vEhicular neTworks)

Participating entity: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Collaborating researcher from IMDEA Networks: Marco Gramaglia, PhD Student
Contact: Carlos J. Bernardos (cjbc@it.uc3m.es)
Project website: Under construction
Funded by: Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación – MICINN)
Duration: October 2009 – September 2012
Project partners:

Description: Vehicular communications will become a reality in the near future. Driven by the goals of improving road safety and efficiency, governments, car manufacturers and telecommunication players are working towards the definition of a geonetworking-based architecture that enables vehicles to benefit from communication capabilities. The goal is to support different types of applications: critical safety (e.g., forward collision warning), non-critical safety (e.g., traffic efficiency applications), and non-safety (infotainment or generic Internet connectivity), but most efforts have been devoted so far to standardise critical safety applications, while ensuring coexistence with other types of applications. Bringing IP connectivity to cars will also enable classical and new Internet applications to be provided in cars.

This advance will also help speeding up the adoption of vehicular communication systems by the users, since they will see an additional benefit in the installation of a communication system in their cars. In order to help this become a reality, this project focuses on the design of Quality of Service enabled IP heterogeneous vehicular networks, where two fundamental needs are identified:

  • Integration of IP into a geonetworking-based vehicular architecture. This comprises the definition of IP autoconfiguration mechanisms, as well as protocols to transport IP datagrams inside vehicular networks.
  • Support of heterogeneous wireless technologies. This includes the design and evaluation of mechanisms that efficiently and transparently support mobility across different access technologies.

This mobility support will provide the IP services through the geonetworking based architecture wherever its coverage is available. If it is not, the mobility support will select the LTE network to handover the communication, since this is an emerging 4G technology with a promising broadband access.

Finally, an experimentation test-bed will be designed and deployed. This demonstrator will be used to validate and analyse the key mechanisms designed within each of the three areas above.

Additionally, a sub-set of mechanisms will be integrated, in order to gather some insight on the operation of the integrated architecture.

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TREND

(Towards Real Energy-efficient Network Design)

The Network of Excellence on Energy-Efficient Networking

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks (Collaborating institution)
Collaborating researcher from IMDEA Networks: Marco Ajmone Marsan, Chief Researcher
Contact: Carmen Guerrero ( guerrero@it.uc3m.es)
Project website: http://www.fp7-trend.eu/
Funded by: European Union. ICT Programme FP7 (FP7-ICT-257740).
Duration: September 2010 – September 2013
Project partners:

Description: TREND is a Network of Excellence, coordinated by Politecnico di Torino, funded by the European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme.

TREND aims at integrating the activities of major European players in networking, including manufacturers, operators, research centers, to quantitatively assess the energy demand of current and future telecom infrastructures, and to design energy-efficient, scalable and sustainable future networks.

The NoE will integrate and drive the many recent research efforts in energy-efficient networking towards commonly agreed technical goals, laying down the bases for a new holistic approach to energy-efficient networking, investigating effective strategies and mechanisms to reduce energy consumption in current and future networks in general, and the future Internet in particular. We aim at identifying the best answers to the following questions:

  • What is the real power consumption of ICT?
  • What are the means to best reduce the energy consumption of today’s networks without compromising requirements in network and service performance?
  • What are the best suited engineering criteria and principles to actively support energy efficiency along the sequence of network design, planning, and operation?
  • What changes in the design of network equipment are necessary in the short and long term in order to obtain the largest possible energy saving?
  • Which communication and management paradigms and protocols will be able to mediate and ensure the most effective distributed energy control?
  • What are the most promising and sustainable long-term approaches to energy efficient networking, assuming that a clean slate network design is possible, and what are potential migration strategies to achieve this?
  • What kind of mutually beneficial incentives can be proposed to network operators, service providers, and users, in order to maximize energy efficiency?

The aim of TREND is to establish the integration of the EU research community in green networking with a long term perspective to consolidate the European leadership in the field.

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WiMAX SCHEDULING OPTIMIZATION

Participating entity: Institute IMDEA Networks
Contact: Albert Banchs (albert.banchs@imdea.org)
Funded by: Albentia Systems, S.A.
Duration: November 2010 – November 2011 (extendable until November 2014)
Project partners:

Description: The purpose of this collaboration agreement is the promotion of joint research projects between Institute IMDEA Networks and Albentia, focusing on high quality research with direct relevance to industry in the field of communication networks and new information technologies.

The collaboration between the parties targets the following areas:

  • Optimization of WiMAX scheduling and queue management
  • Cross-layer optimization using ARQ/HARQ
  • Implementation of the algorithms on a WiMAX base station
  • Performance analysis in a WiMAX testbed

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